What is the purpose of incentive spirometry in patient care?

Incentive spirometry is primarily utilized to prevent atelectasis, which is the collapse or closure of a lung or part of a lung, resulting in reduced gas exchange and impaired pulmonary function. The incentive spirometer encourages patients to take slow, deep breaths, which helps to expand the alveoli in the lungs. This expansion reduces the risk of atelectasis by ensuring that the air sacs within the lungs remain open and fully inflated, thus improving overall lung function.

The use of this device is particularly beneficial postoperatively or in patients who have limited mobility, as these conditions are associated with a higher risk of atelectasis due to shallow breathing patterns. By promoting deeper breaths, incentive spirometry aids in the mobilization of secretions, promotes effective gas exchange, and helps maintain airway patency, ultimately contributing to better respiratory health.