What can be a cause for loss of airway patency?

Loss of airway patency can occur due to inflammation or swelling of airway tissues, which can significantly obstruct airflow. In conditions such as anaphylaxis, asthma, or infections like laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), the tissues surrounding the airway can become inflamed, causing narrowing or complete blockage. This swelling can impede the passage of air, leading to respiratory distress and potentially requiring immediate intervention to restore airway patency.

In contrast, increased lung capacity, normal inspiratory effort, and the voluntary cough reflex typically do not lead to airway obstruction. While these factors relate to respiratory mechanics, they do not directly cause loss of patency in the airway. Understanding the implications of airway swelling highlights the critical need for monitoring and managing conditions that can lead to compromised breathing.